大学受験対策｜英語 長文読解問題45 難易度：★★★☆☆

Cardiology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the heart and blood vessels. It plays a vital role in understanding how to prevent, diagnose, and treat heart-related problems. Many people do not realize that heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. However, with proper care, many heart conditions can be managed or even prevented.

Doctors who specialize in cardiology, called cardiologists, use various tests and procedures to evaluate heart health. For example, they may perform an electrocardiogram (ECG) to check the electrical activity of the heart, or an echocardiogram to examine how well it pumps blood. Other procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, can reveal blockages or damage inside the arteries.

Lifestyle also greatly affects the heart. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding tobacco products can lower the risk of heart disease. In addition, managing stress and maintaining a healthy weight both contribute to better heart health. When patients do develop problems, effective treatments now exist. Medications can reduce blood pressure or control cholesterol levels, while devices like pacemakers help the heart maintain a steady rhythm.

Cardiology continues to progress through research and technology. Scientists study new ways to repair damaged tissue using stem cells or advanced surgical techniques. Early detection remains a key factor in improving outcomes for patients. By making positive changes and seeking prompt medical attention, individuals can protect their hearts and enjoy a healthier life. The field of cardiology will surely continue to evolve, offering hope to people around the globe. Whether one suffers from common conditions like high blood pressure or more complex issues, cardiology aims to offer lasting solutions for a longer, healthier future.

Q1. Which statement best describes the methods cardiologists may use to examine heart function?

1. They mainly rely on specialized surgeries without conducting preliminary scans or imaging tests.
2. They primarily record a patient’s blood pressure without considering any additional data.
3. They employ tools like echocardiograms and catheterization to identify possible blockages or damage inside the heart.
4. They depend exclusively on visual evaluation of a person’s appearance, ignoring medical devices or instruments.

Q2. Which statement best reflects the text’s view about future developments in heart care?

1. They believe every single cardiac issue has been fully resolved by current treatments.
2. They suspect that ongoing research might lower patient safety by emphasizing experimental robotic methods.
3. They predict improvements in treatment methods and technology, such as tissue repair and earlier detection, in coming years.
4. They propose ending further investigations since most conventional medications are already completely effective.

Q3. Which statement is not supported by the passage about cardiology?

1. Heart disease remains a major global threat, yet prompt prevention can significantly reduce its risks.
2. Cardiologists prefer personal interviews to medical imaging, believing devices frequently yield inaccurate results for diagnosis.
3. A balanced lifestyle, effective stress control, and proper medical therapies can lead to stronger cardiovascular health.
4. Specific procedures, including echocardiograms, help reveal arterial blockages and check the heart’s pumping function.