大学受験対策｜英語 長文読解問題7 難易度：★★★☆☆

Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds. Scientists investigate how these molecules form, react, and change. They also explore the structure of these compounds, such as how atoms bond and arrange themselves in different configurations. This field covers a wide range of substances, from simple molecules like methane to complicated biological molecules like proteins. It helps us understand the processes in living organisms and develop new materials, medicines, and technologies.

Many students find organic chemistry challenging because it involves learning a new language of structures, reaction mechanisms, and naming rules. For instance, chemists often draw diagrams to illustrate how bonds break and form in certain reactions. They frequently use curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons. These symbols help clarify why specific transformations happen and predict the products that result from each reaction.

Organic chemistry has important applications in everyday life. It explains why fruits ripen and why foods spoil. It clarifies how plastics form, and it guides the development of new drugs that treat diseases. Researchers regularly discover ways to design safer and more effective products. For example, biodegradable plastics break down more easily in the environment, and improved pharmaceuticals offer targeted treatments with fewer side effects.

Chemists continuously learn new techniques to explore organic molecules. They develop instruments, like nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers, to examine molecular structures in detail. These tools reveal how atoms connect, which helps scientists create better compounds. Organic chemistry may seem complex, but it provides vital knowledge that drives innovation in medicine, agriculture, and environmental protection. Studying these reactions and principles guides us toward a deeper appreciation of the entire natural world.

Q1. What do scientists mainly explore in organic chemistry?

1. They seldom research carbon bonds in living tissue.
2. They study carbon substances and their changing properties.
3. They focus mostly on metals in large industries.
4. They analyze tiny molecules lacking biological importance.

Q2. Why are advanced instruments valuable to chemists?

1. They primarily detect risky errors during experiments.
2. They fully replace expert reasoning in every study.
3. They reveal atomic details for creating better materials.
4. They lessen all equipment needs for chemical labs.

Q3. Which statement is NOT supported by the passage?

1. Organic chemistry brings no real benefits to daily life.
2. Arrows illustrate electron flow in certain reactions.
3. New tools help researchers develop superior compounds.
4. It clarifies why fruits undergo natural ripening.