大学受験対策｜英語 長文読解問題8 難易度：★★☆☆☆

In philosophical study, we often ask deep questions about our existence, our minds, and our world. We want to understand why things are the way they are, and how we should behave. It is our curiosity that inspires us to explore different ideas. Many thinkers, such as Socrates or Plato, tried to find answers by talking with others and testing different viewpoints. They believed that wisdom comes from continuous learning and open discussions. By considering various arguments, we can learn to develop our own perspectives.

Philosophy also encourages us to reflect on our values. It is our moral sense that helps us decide what is right or wrong. When we think about ethics, we try to understand the best way to act. Different philosophers have offered their own views on virtues, justice, and happiness. Some suggest that living a good life means following certain rules, while others believe that we should focus on personal growth. Through critical thinking, we can learn to question our own assumptions and become more aware of our decisions.

In daily life, philosophy can guide us toward greater self-knowledge. It is self-reflection that can show us our true desires, fears, and goals. By examining our thoughts, we can better control our emotions and actions. This process helps us become more open-minded and empathetic. When we understand that everyone has unique experiences, we can learn to respect differences. Philosophy does not provide simple solutions, but it offers a path to deeper insight. In this way, we can continue to grow as individuals and contribute positively to our communities. It is through insight that we discover true harmony.

Q1. Which statement best reflects how the passage discusses moral decision-making?

1. The text claims that ethical values have no role in guiding society.
2. The text indicates that people may follow certain guidelines or focus on personal development.
3. The text insists that strict moral rules always result in flawless decisions.
4. The text states that reflecting on our values has no positive impact.

Q2. How does the passage describe philosophy’s effect on our everyday behavior?

1. It suggests that examining our own thoughts can help us manage our actions more effectively.
2. It says that daily habits can never be improved through deeper contemplation.
3. It claims that understanding our fears rarely leads to wiser choices.
4. It argues that empathy arises naturally without any form of introspection.

Q3. Which of the following ideas is NOT supported by the passage?

1. Having open discussions with others can broaden our perspectives and enhance learning.
2. Exploring moral principles can help us distinguish appropriate behavior from harmful acts.
3. Relying only on formal education is the sole path toward attaining true wisdom.
4. Gaining self-awareness through inner reflection can guide us to treat others with greater respect.